Microdiscectomy, nerve root decompression, central canal decompression and distraction decompression procedures are all carried out via small “keyhole” openings usually in the order of 2cm long made vertically over the centre of the back. The level is determined by an X-ray taken in theatre and the precision comes from the use of an operating microscope.

This combination of X-ray and microscope allows us to do all we need to do whilst disturbing the muscles, joints and bones of the spine as little as possible. These days it is only in the case of multilevel procedures that larger incisions should be used with all the pain and tissue disturbance they cause.